When (I do / I've done). Условные предложения с when и if

A

Изучите следующую ситуацию:

Предложение 'I'll phone you when I get home' состоит из двух частей:


и

главная часть:
часть с when :

'I'll phone you'
'when I get home'

Время в предложении - будущее ('tomorrow'), но мы используем настоящее время (I get) в части предложения с when.

Мы не используем will в части предложения с when.

Еще немного примеров:

  • We'll get out when it stops raining. (not when it volition terminate)
  • When you lot are in London again, come up and see u.s.a.. (not When you will be)
  • (said to a child) What exercise you lot desire to be when you grow up? (not will abound)

То же самое происходит и после while / before / after / equally soon equally / until или till:

  • I'yard going to read a lot while I'grand on holiday. (not while I will be)
  • I'll probably go back domicile on Sun. Earlier I go, I'd similar to visit the museum.
  • Expect here until (or till) I come up back.

B

Вы также можете использовать present perfect (have done) после when / after / until / every bit shortly equally:

  • Tin I borrow that volume when you lot've finished with it?
  • Don't say anything while Ian is here. Wait until he has gone.

Если вы используете present perfect, одно действие должно быть завершено перед другим (так, что два действия не происходят в одно и то же время):

  • When I've phoned Kate, we can have dinner.
    (= Сначала я позвоню Кате, и только потом мы можем начать обедать.)

Не используйте present perfect, если два действия происходят в одно и то же время:

  • When I phone Kate, I'll enquire her about the party. (non When I've phoned)

Часто можно использовать как present simple, так и present perfect:

I'll come up as presently equally I cease.

I'll come equally presently as I've finished.

Yous'll experience improve later you have something to eat.

Y'all'll experience ameliorate after you've had something to swallow.

C

После if, для будущего мы обычно используем present simple (if I do / if I see и др.):

  • Information technology'south raining hard. Nosotros'll get wet if we go out. (non if we volition go)
  • I'll be angry if it happens again. (not if information technology will happen)
  • Hurry upwards! If we don't hurry, we'll be belatedly.

D

Сравните when и if:

Мы используем when, говоря о чем-то, что несомненно случится:

  • I'g going shopping later. (for sure)When I go shopping, I'll buy some food.

Мы используем if (не when), говоря о том, что возможно случится:

  • I might go shopping afterwards. (it'due south possible)If I go shopping, I'll purchase some food.
  • If it is raining this evening, I won't go out. (not When it is raining)
  • Don't worry if I'm late this evening. (not when I'm tardily)
  • If they don't come up soon, I'm not going to wait. (non When they don't come)

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения, используя глаголы в скобках. Все предложения о будущем. Используйте will/won't или present simple (I see / he plays / it is и др.).

  1. I (phone) you when I (get) abode from work.
  2. I desire to see Julia before she (become) out.
  3. We're going on vacation tomorrow. I (tell) you all virtually information technology when we (come) dorsum.
  4. Brian looks very different now. When you lot (run across) him again, you (not / recognise) him.
  5. (you lot / be) lonely without me while I (be) away?
  6. Nosotros must exercise something soon before it (exist) likewise late.
  7. I don't want to go without y'all. I (expect) until you (be) ready.
  8. Sue has applied for the job, but she isn't very well-qualified for information technology. I (exist) surprised if she (get) it.
  9. I hope to play tennis tomorrow if the weather (exist) nice.
  10. I'm going out now. If everyone (phone) while I (exist) out, can you accept a message?

Key

2. Сделайте одно предложение из двух.

  1. Information technology will stop raining soon. Then we'll become out.
  2. I'll observe somewhere to live. And so I'll give you my accost.
  3. I'll do the shopping. And then I'll come straight back habitation.
  4. It's going to get night. Let's go habitation earlier that.
  5. She must apologise to me offset. I won't speak to her until and so.

Key

3. Прочитайте ситуации и закончите предложения.

  1. A friend of yours is going on holiday. You want to know what she is going to do.
    You ask: What are you going to exercise when ?
  2. A friend of yours is visiting yous. She has to go before long just mayhap there'south time for some more than coffee.
    You ask: Would you like some more coffee before ?
  3. You desire to sell your car. Jim is interested in buying it, but he hasn't decided all the same.
    You enquire: Can you permit me know every bit before long as ?
  4. Your friends are going to New York presently. You want to know where they're going to stay.
    You lot ask: Where are y'all going to stay when ?
  5. The traffic is very bad in your town, but they are building a new road at the moment.
    Yous say: I think things volition exist better when they .

Key

4. Выберите when или if.

Key

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